Luminescence, fluorescence et phosphorescence des minéraux: fiche descriptive

kunzite

Formule chimique: Voir SPODUMENE

Famille: Silicates

Statut: NON APPR

Système cristallin : Monoclinique

Minéral de vitrine: OUI

Luminescence:

Type d'UV	Couleur principale (*)	Intensité	Fréquence d'observation

UV longs (365nm):	Orange
UV courts (254 nm):	Rose saumon (rose orange)

Autres couleurs OC:	Rose violacé ,

(*)Vous pouvez ouvrir la charte des couleurs dans une nouvelle fenêtre

Photo en lumière du jour

Kunzite;
Darre Pech, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
Photo and Copyright:
Middleearthminerals.com
Used with permission of the author

Photo Ondes Courtes (254nm)

Kunzite;
Darre Pech, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
UVSW, Photo and Copyright:
Middleearthminerals.com
Used with permission of the author

Phosphorescence (au sens commun du terme) observable à l'oeil nu:

Type d'UV	Couleur	Intensité	Fréquence d'observation
UV longs (365nm):	Orange	Moyenne
UV courts (254 nm):	Rouge violacé	Moyenne

Thermoluminescence: OUI

Activateur(s) et spectre(s):

Activateur le plus courant: Mn²⁺

Autres activateurs: Cr³⁺, TiO₆,

Pics dans le spectre (nm):

Large band at 430 nm,

Mn²⁺ : large band peaking around 620 nm (Gorobets)

large band peaking at 605nm

Col. G. Barmarin; Spectre: G. Barmarin

Commentaires sur les spectres et les activateurs (*):

The phosphorescence of Kunzite was discovered by G. F. Kunz himself in 1903. Baskerville also studyed Kunzite luminescence in 1903. Extended studies were later made on the spectra of Kunzite by Pochettino and by Nichols who found that the fluorescence emitted light was polarized. Nichols also describe the fluorescence emitted by electron excitation as two bands : a strong broad band from 515nm to 690nm and a weak one extending from 420nm to 480nm. He also pointed that the band around 600nm have a strong phosphorescence and the other band have none. Nichols studied the thermoluminescence at 325°C and found that it was not polarized. The thermoluminescence ceased at 400°C.

At 20°C the peak around 590nm is nearly symetric being somewhat steeper toward the violet. On cooling to -180°C, the fluorescence color becomes much redder to the eye but the spectrum show no resolution into narrow bands (DeMent 1949)

Tanaka (1921-1932) demonstrated that the most important activating agents wich cause the luminescence of Kunzite is Manganese. However, he stated that Samarium and Ytterbium had a role as activator. In the Kunzite from Pala, Ca, USA, containing a few tenths of a percent of manganese, he found in the bright orange light emitted by fluorescence 12 manganese bands, 4 samarium bands and one thallium band.

(*)Les commentaires sur les spectres sont uniquement rédigés en Anglais

Meilleure(s) localité(s) pour la fluorescence (*):

Nuristan Province, Afghanistan;
Laghman Province, Afghanistan;
Dara-i-Pech pegmatite field, Chapa Dara District, Konar Province, Afghanistan;
Gilgit, Gilgit District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan;
Mt Apatite, Maine, USA (phosphorescent);
Newry, Maine, USA (phosphorescent);

(*)Les données ne sont pas exhaustives et sont limitées à quelques localités remarquables pour la fluorescence

Référence bibliographique pour la luminescence:

The Henkel Glossary of Fluorescent Minerals, Dr. Gerhard Henkel, Published by the FMS, 1989 ,
Fluorescence: Gems and Minerals Under Ultraviolet Light, Manuel Robbins, 1994, Geoscience Press, ISBN 0-945005-13-X ,
The World of Fluorescent Minerals, Stuart Schneider, Schiffer Publishing, 2006, ISBN 0-7643-2544-2 ,
Luminescent Spectra of Minerals, Boris S. Gorobets and Alexandre A. Rogojine, Moscow, 2002 ,
Handbook of Fluorescent Gems and Minerals, a practical guide for the gem and mineral collector, Jack de Ment, 1949 ,